
Some of the commands listed include links to related articles. The TZ setting allows you to change your timezone for the duration of a single command.Below I’ve listed the 90 commands covered and links to each of the five posts in this series. Try this command in your home folder: date -r. Note that this uses a - (hyphen) instead of a % sign, and it doesn’t require a + sign. To get the last modification time of a file, use the -r (reference) option. #: Use the opposite to the default case for the option, if possible (not all options respect this modifier).^: Uses uppercase, if possible (not all options respect this modifier).0: Provides leading zeroes for single digit values._: a single underscore adds leading spaces for single digit values.–: A single hyphen prevents zero padding on single digit values.For example, %-S would remove the leading zero for single-digit seconds values. These modifiers can be inserted between the % and the option letter of other options to modify their display. A lowercase p gives uppercase output, an uppercase P gives lowercase output. %P: Prints the am or pm indicator in lowercase.%p: Prints the AM or PM indicator in uppercase.%Z: Prints the alphabetic timezone name.%::z: Prints the time difference between your timezone and UTC, with a : between the hours, minutes and seconds.%:z: Prints the time difference between your timezone and UTC, with a : between the hours and minutes.%z: Prints the time difference between your timezone and UTC.%S: Prints the seconds, 01, 02, 03 … 59, with a leading zero if required.%s: Prints the number of seconds since 00:00:00, the start of the Unix Epoch.%M: prints the minute, 01, 02, 03 … 59, with a leading zero if required.%I: Prints the hour using the 12-hour clock, 00, 01, 02 … 12, with a leading zero if required.

On a Linux machine configured for the UK locale and set to GMT, it printed the time, using the 24-hour clock with no AM or PM indicator, as expected. Note that during testing this option behaved exactly as %r does, as shown below. %X: Prints the time according to your locale, using the 24-hour clock.%r: Prints the time according to your locale, using the 12-hour clock and an am or pm indicator.%R: Prints the hour and minutes as HH:MM with no seconds, using the 24-hour clock.%C: Prints the century without the year.%m: Prints the number of the month, with a leading zero if required 01, 02, 03 … 12.
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%V: Prints the ISO week number of the year, considering Monday as the first day of the week.For example, the third week of the year, twentieth week of the year, etc. %U: Prints the week number of year, considering Sunday as the first day of the week.%j: Prints the day of the year, with up to two leading zeroes, if required.%e: Prints the day of the month, with a leading space (‘ 1’, ‘ 2’ … ‘ 9’) if required.%d: Prints the day of the month, with a leading zero (01, 02 … 09) if required.%w: Prints the number of the day of the week, where Sunday=0, Monday=1, Tuesday=2, etc.%u: Prints the number of the day of the week, where Monday=1, Tuesday=2, Wednesday=3, etc.

